which of the following values are needed to determine a patient's physiologic dead space?

3 The consequence of failing to diagnose or delaying the correct diagnosis of PE may be death. 1, 2 Initial signs and symptoms are varied and nonspecific. Pulmonary embolism occurs relatively infrequently, in about 1% to 2% of trauma patients, 1, 2 and it is fatal in about 25% to 50% of these cases. PULMONARY embolism (PE) presents the clinician with a difficult diagnostic dilemma. We were able to accurately detect all PEs. The Fd late had 100% sensitivity and 89% specificity for the detection of PE.Ĭonclusions The Fd late is a valuable tool for bedside screening of PE in surgical patients. Four patients had adult respiratory distress syndrome.

which of the following values are needed to determine a patient

The Fd late values were below 0.12 in 8 of 9 patients without PE. The Fd late was 0.12 or above in all 5 patients who had PE 4 required mechanical ventilation. Results Twelve patients had 14 angiograms for suspected PE. Main Outcome Measure Ability of Fd late to identify patients with PE. Setting University-based, level I trauma center. Hypothesis We hypothesized that late pulmonary dead space fraction (Fd late) would be a useful tool to screen for pulmonary embolism (PE) in a group of surgical patients, including patients who required mechanical ventilation and patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome.ĭesign We prospectively calculated Fd late in patients with suspected PE who underwent pulmonary angiography. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.

Which of the following values are needed to determine a patient's physiologic dead space?